The Class 9 is an important year in a student’s life and Maharashtra State Board Social Science Political Science (Civics) is one of the subjects that require dedication, hard work, and practice. It’s a subject where you can score well if you are well-versed with the concepts, remember the important formulas and solving methods, and have done an ample amount of practice. Worry not! Home Revise is here to make your Class 9 journey even easier. It’s essential for students to have the right study material and notes to prepare for their board examinations, and through Home Revise, you can cover all the fundamental topics in the subject and the complete Maharashtra State Board Class 9 Social Science Political Science (Civics) Book syllabus.
Q1. Choose the right option and rewrite the sentence.
(1) The country that has a free international border with India –
(a) Pakistan
(b) Bangladesh
(c) Nepal
(d) Myanmar
(2) The countries that have tensed relations with India –
(a) Pakistan and China.
(b) Nepal and Bhutan
(c) Myanmar and Maldives
(d) Afghanistan and America.
(3) Factors that have an influence on the relations between India and Pakistan –
(a) Difference in the world view of both the countries.
(b) Kashmir issue
(c) Nuclear Rivalry
(d) All of the above
Answer 1: (c) Nepal.
Answer 2: (a) Pakistan and China.
Answer 3: (d) All of the above.
Q2. Explain with reasons whether the following statements are true or false.
(1) India has an important position among the South Asian countries.
(2) Sino-Indian relations are friendly.
(3) India sent a peacekeeping force to help the Sri Lankan government.
Answer 1: The statement is true. In the subcontinent of India, it is the biggest country in terms of land.
Answer 2: The statement is false as India and China had conflicts over the Aksai Chin area and Macmohan line in Arunachal Pradesh. China also wanted to control Tibet, which led to major disagreements.
Answer 3: The statement is true. India sent a peacekeeping force to help the Sri Lankan government when the country faced internal conflict between the Tamils and the Sri Lankan government after 1985.
Q3. Complete the following chart.
| No. | Treatise/Exchanges | Countries |
| 1 | India-Pak | |
| 2 | Mcmahon Line | |
| 3 | India-Bangladesh | |
| 4 | Import of natural gas | |
| 5 | India-America | |
| 6 | Infrastructure development,
Communication, health | |
| 7 | India-Africa |
Answer:
| No. | Treatise/Exchanges | Countries |
| 1 | Shimla Agreement and Tashkent Agreement | India-Pak |
| 2 | Macmahon Line | India-China |
| 3 | Treaties over river water sharing and the border | India-Bangladesh |
| 4 | Import of natural gas | India-Myanmar |
| 5 | Civil Nuclear Agreement | India-America |
| 6 | Infrastructure development,
Communication, health | Afghanistan |
| 7 | Summit Conference of India and America | India-Africa |
Q4. Write short notes:
(1) Shimla Agreement
(2) Indo-Nepalese friendship treaty
(3) Mcmahon Line
(4) Indo-Afghanistan Relations
Answer 1: Shimla Agreement –The Shimla Agreement was signed between Indira Gandhi and Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto on 2 July, 1972 at Shimla, Himachal Pradesh. The Shimla Agreement (also called the Shimla Accord or Shimla Treaty), signed between the premiers of India and Pakistan. It was a treaty that laid out the principles which would govern the future bilateral relations between the two countries.
Answer 2: Indo-Nepalese friendship treaty –The foundation of friendship between India and Nepal was laid with Indo-Nepalese Friendship Treaty in 1950. According to this treaty, Nepalese citizens can not only enter India, but they are also permitted to take up government jobs and carry on trade in India.
Answer 3: Mcmohan Line –The Border dispute between India and China is related to Aksai Chin area and the Macmahon line. China claims that the area south of Aksai Chin and Macmahon line (Arunachal Pradesh) is Chinese Territory. China is not willing to agree that Macmahon Line is an international border.
Answer 4: Indo-Afghanistan Relations –There is a lot of political instability in Afghanistan. The dominance of the terrorist organisation Taliban is responsible for this. India has extended help to bring peace, security and stability, curb violence and establish a democratic government. Similarly, India is also helping Afghanistan in reestablishing communication facilities that have been destroyed due to war, build roads, cooperate in the fields of science and technology and build schools, health facilities and irrigation projects.
Q5. Answer the following questions in brief.
(1) Explain the background of cooperative relations between India and America.
(2) Give some information about the efforts taken by India for the establishment of democracy in neighbouring countries with examples.
(3) What is the role of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation?
Answer 1: The tension between India and America started when India conducted nuclear tests in 1998. Many rounds of discussions took place after that to improve the relations. Through these rounds of talks, America came to believe that India will use its nuclear weapons with responsibility. This completely transformed the Indo-American relations. The Civil Nuclear Agreement signed in 2005 that was approved by the U.S. Congress in 2008 was an important landmark in Indo-American relations. In the last five years, cordial relations of cooperation in different areas have developed between India and America.
Answer 2: The values of equality and mutual respect have a great importance in India’s foreign policy. India has established relations with neighbouring countries on the basis of these values. Some of the examples are: Bangladesh –India helped Bangladesh in its freedom struggle. Bangladesh was formed in 1971. Some treaties were signed between India and Bangladesh about sharing river waters and some regarding the shared border, which put an end to the conflict between them. Now trade relations between the two countries are growing.
Sri Lanka –India has friendly relations with the southern neighbour Sri Lanka. Political instability in Sri Lanka after 1985 was a result of the differences between the Tamils and the Sri Lankan Government. At that time India had sent a peacekeeping force to help the Sri Lankan government. Friendly relations with Sri Lanka are important from the point of view of security in the Indian Ocean.
Bhutan: India bears the responsibility of the defence of Bhutan. Bhutan has a huge source of water. India has cooperated in the project to produce hydel power on a large scale using this source.
Answer 3: SAARC is a regional organisation established by the South Asian countries in 1985. The aim of this organisation is to encourage economic cooperation between South Asian nations and thereby achieve the development of the South Asian region. The organisation of SAARC is a platform for South Asian countries to come together and discuss common questions and interests. Some common interests of South Asian countries are alleviation of poverty, development of agriculture and technological revolution.
Q6. Give your own opinion about:
(1) What remedies would you suggest in order to reduce the tensions in the relations between India and Pakistan?
(2) Do you agree with the statement: ‘Hurdles are created in the way of internal development due to tense relations of India with neighbouring countries.’ Explain with reasons.
(3) Do you think that strong healthy relations of India with America are conducive to India’s economic development?
Answer 1: We can reduce the tensions in the relations between India and Pakistan by doing the following points.
Answer 2: According to the question “The statement hurdles are created in the way of the internal development due to Intense relations of India with neighboring countries.”
This statement is completely true. Due to the intense relationship with some neighboring countries like Pakistan, the warzone environment always takes place in the border areas of the two countries. This is a hindrance of national development in both countries.
Answer 3: Yes, strong healthy relations of India with America are conducive to India’s economic development.